Thus, it is necessary to improve the forecast accuracy of strong convective storms. It often occurs suddenly and can cause huge disasters. This study provides OT climatology for the first time, as derived from 2 decades of MODIS data, that represents the longest and stable satellite records.Ī strong convective storm is a disastrous weather system with a small spatio-temporal scale. The top 10 coldest OTs from both Terra and Aqua mostly occur over land and at night. OTs over land are usually colder than over ocean, except at around 10:30 LT (Equator-crossing time). Maximum OT occurrences are in the afternoon over most land areas and around midnight over ocean, and the OT diurnal cycle is stronger and more varied over land than over ocean.
OT diurnal variations agree with the known diurnal cycle of convection. Seasonal OT variations shift with large-scale climate systems such as the ITCZ and local monsoonal systems, including the South Asian monsoon, North American monsoon, and West African monsoon. OT spatial distributions show strong seasonal and diurnal variabilities. OTs appear most frequently over the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), central and southeastern North America, tropical and subtropical South America, southeastern and southern Asia, tropical and subtropical Africa, and northern middle–high latitudes. The OT climatology reveals a pattern that follows the climatology of deep convection and shallow convection over the midlatitude oceans during winter cold-air outbreaks. We demonstrate that the overall accuracy of our approach is about 0.9 when the probability of the OT candidates is larger than 0.9. The algorithm is based on a logistic model which is trained using A-Train observations. Here, we develop an OT detection algorithm using thermal infrared (IR) channels and apply this algorithm to about 20 years' worth of MODIS data from both Terra and Aqua satellites to form an extensive, near-global climatology of OT occurrences. An OT is a well-known indicator of convective updrafts and severe weather conditions. Continued abuse of our services will cause your IP address to be blocked indefinitely.Overshooting cloud tops (OTs) form in deep convective storms when strong updrafts overshoot the tropopause. Please fill out the CAPTCHA below and then click the button to indicate that you agree to these terms. If you wish to be unblocked, you must agree that you will take immediate steps to rectify this issue. If you do not understand what is causing this behavior, please contact us here. If you promise to stop (by clicking the Agree button below), we'll unblock your connection for now, but we will immediately re-block it if we detect additional bad behavior. Overusing our search engine with a very large number of searches in a very short amount of time.Using a badly configured (or badly written) browser add-on for blocking content.
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